定量体育运动后心率变异性指标的变化特征

Changing features of indexes of heart rate variability after quantitative sports

目的:检测健康大学生在体育教师的指导下进行有计划的、定量的体育运动前后检测心率变异性各项指标的变化,为进一步建立心率变异性(heartratevariability,HRV)与科学量化健身运动的关系打下理论基础。方法:测定47名健康大学生,年龄20～21岁,男23名,女24名在安静状态下的心电图,由计算机获取HRV变化的各项时域分析指标:R-R间期平均值(RRI)、R-R间期的标准差(SDRR)、心率以及频域分析指标:0～0.4Hz的总面积(TP)、0.04～0.15Hz频带面积(LF)、0.15～0.4Hz频带面积(HF)和低频带面积与高频带面积的比值(LF/HF)等。在经过体育教师的指导下进行体育锻炼半年以后,再次检测以上指标,并进行统计分析。结果:男生运动后HRV时域指标SDRR犤(87.28±13.52)ms2犦明显大于运动前犤(56.62±19.06)ms2犦,心率犤(1.90±7.28)次/min犦明显低于运动前犤(70.61±8.09)次/min犦(t=3.54,3.67,P<0.01)。男生运动后频域分析指标TP,HF明显高于运动前,LF/HF明显低于运动前(t=2.66,2.94和2.27,P<0.05)。女生的相应统计结果也具有相同的变化趋势。结论:适度的、有计划的运动可以使HRV的各项指标发生变化,提高了心脏植物神经系统整体的整合功能,提高迷走神经的张力,加强其对心脏的保护作用;HRV指标可以作为一个监测运动效果的有效指标,并?

AIM: To detect the changes of each index of heart rate variability (HRV) in college students before and after regular and quantitative sports, so as to provide theoretical basis for the further exploration of relationship between HRV and scientific and quantitative sports. METHODS: Resting electrocardiograph of 47 healthy college students aged from 20 to 21 years old were examined. RR interval (RRI), standard deviation of R-R (SDRR), heart rate and frequency domain analytical indexes, such as total area of 0 to 0.4 Hz, low frequency component(LFC), high frequency component (HFC), and the ratio of LFC/HFC(LF/HF) were measured and analyzed as the indicators of the HRV. After half-year's exercise instructed by professional coach, the above-mentioned indicators were reexamined for statistical analysis. RESULTS:After exercise in males, the time domain index SDRR [(87.28±13.52) ms2] was significantly increased as compared with that before exercise [(56.62±19.06) ms2], heart rate [(1.90±7.28) beats per minute] was obviously lower than that before exercise [(70.61±8.09) beats per minute] (t=3.54,3.67,P< 0.01). The frequency domain analytical indexes TP and HF in males after exercise were obviously higher than those before exercise,LF/HF was obviously lower than that before exercise (t=2.66,2.94,2.27,P< 0.05).The same changing tendencies were observed in females. CONCLUSION:Regular and moderate sports can alter the HRV indexes significantly. Sports can increase the integral function of the independent nerve system, and enhance the tension of the vagus to protect the heart more effectively. HRV measurement appears to be an appropriate tool to monitor the effects of sports, preliminarily quantify the physical training loads.