运动性猝死的原因及其干预

Reasons and intervention of exercise-related sudden death

目的:最近在体育场上发生的一系列运动性猝死事件令世人震惊,再次引起人们对运动性猝死的重视,文章分析了运动性猝死发生的主要原因和影响因素,并提出了相应的预防措施。资料来源:应用计算机检索SportScienceReview1995/1996期间的相关文章,检索词“suddendeath,sport”,并限定文章语言种类为英文。同时计算机检索万方数据库1994/2004期间的相关文章,限定文章语言种类为中文,检索词“运动,猝死”。资料选择:对资料进行初审,选取运动导致猝死及与预防猝死紧密相关的文献,然后筛除与运动无明显相关关系的研究,对剩余的文献开始查找全文。资料提炼:共收集到27篇与运动性猝死有关的文章,其中有16篇被本文直接引用,其余文献虽未有直接引用,但对于全文的写作具有一定的参考价值。资料综合:大多数运动性猝死是在体育运动中,涉及人群较广泛,有运动员、教练员、体育教师、干部、工人、大中学生。运动性猝死绝大多数是心脏性猝死和脑性猝死。结论:运动性猝死的诱因有很多种,不可一概而论;虽然运动性猝死比较可怕,但是人们可以通过多级预防来降低运动性猝死发生的概率。

OBJECTIVE:More attention has been drawn back to the exercise-related sudden death again in recent years due to the occurrence of several exercise-related sudden deaths on the sports ground.This paper aims to analyze the major reasons and influencing factors of exercise-related sudden death,and introduces proper preventive measures. DATA SOURCES:An online search of Sport Science Review was undertaken by using the keywords of “sudden death, sports' to identify the relevant articles published in English during 1995 and 1996.Meanwhile,Wanfang database was scanned with computer to search relevant articles published from 1994 to 2004,the keywords were “sudden death,sports' with language limited to Chinese. STUDY SELECTION:After the above search,the papers that had close relation with exercise-related sudden death and the prevention of sudden death were selected,and then those had no obvious relation with sports were excluded,and the full texts of the selected articles were searched. DATA EXTRACTION:Twenty-seven articles regarding exercise-related sudden death were selected and 16 of them were directly quoted in this paper,and the rest contributed to this paper. DATA SYNTHESIS:Most exercise-related sudden deaths,including sudden cardiac death and sudden cerebral death,occurred during exercise in athletes,coaches,physical education teachers,cadres,works,university and middle school students. CONCLUSION:There are various inducements leading to exercise-related sudden death.Although it is horrible,many preventions can be adopted to reduce the incidence rate of exercise-related sudden death.