丛栽茶树树冠小气候及其对新梢生育和生化成分的影响

Mieroclimate in tea tree crown and its effect on growth, development and biochemical composition of new shoots.

1 引言 为了获得优质高产的茶叶,需通过修剪养蓬等方法,使茶树形成宽广而整齐的树冠。丛栽茶树的树冠多呈馒头形,由于方位不同,形成了树冠内光、温、湿、风等因子的差异,因而影响了茶树的物候期及生理生化变化。因此,探讨树冠小气候特征及其对茶树新梢生育和生化成分的影响,在理论和生产实践上均有意义。有关这方面研究已有一些报道。

The studies show that the light intensity and leaf temperature in tea tree crown decrease gradually from peripheral to central, from top to underneath and from south side to north side. The difference of air humidity in various positions of crown is smaller, and the wind speed on windward side is greater than lee side. New shouts in south and west crown sides sprout and grow earlier than those in north and east crown sides. The number of flower buds in north and east crown sides are less than that in south and west crown sides. The amino acid contents in new shoots increase slightly from south and west to north and east crown sides, and the contents of tea polyphenol and caffeine in south and west crown sides are more than those in north and east crown sides.