关于清代回疆伯克制度的几个问题

Some Problems about the Bek/Beg System in Huijiang of the Qing

清朝统一回疆之前该地最具地方特色的行政制度———伯克制度———存在着一套固有的运行 机制和管理规范,这是清朝中央政府改造伯克制度并将其纳入清朝地方官制序列的基础。学术界 关于清代回疆伯克的种类及其任职情况的研究还有值得探讨的余地,爬梳史料,确有新的发现。 清代回疆地区的伯克职官名称和实际职掌并非完全相合,名不符实的现象在一定程度上确实存 在,甚至可以被视为清代伯克制度的一个特点。

The beksystem was a local administrative system in Xinjiang before the area became a unified part of the Qing Dynasty and the bekwas a form of address often used to call an official. The system had special operationmechanism and managing norms, which was the basis on which the central governmenttransformed the system into the local administrative system. The subsequent explanationsfor the category and responsibilities of the bek arenot very clear. The author researched the ancient literature carefully and clarifiedsome questions. The author found that the responsibilitiesof the bekswere not always in accordancewith their names. And we can even regard it as a character of the beksystem.