高浓度Cd、Pb污染水域中的微生物生态

Microbial ecology in water area polluted by high concentrations of Cd and Pb

用选择性培养基和滤纸片法研究了Cd、Pb污染水域中的微生物生态分布、对Cd、Pb的抗性及富集力。结果表明,污水中微生物量的变化与Cd、Pb浓度不相关。抗性微生物生物量受环境温度影响较大。微生物对Cd、Pb的抗性是霉菌>酵母和细菌,Pb>Cd。霉菌最高抗Cd、Pb浓度可达2×10~4mg·L^(-1)。酵母和细菌最高抗Cd浓度为5000mg·L^(-1)、Pb浓度为1×10~4mg·L^(-1),抗性微生物对Cd、Pb的富集力与其抗性及Cd、Pb的毒性密切相关。含Cd、Pb污水中的优势菌有欧文氏菌、产碱杆菌、节细菌、假丝酵母、曲霉和枝孢霉。

The ecological distribution of microbes in water area polluted by Cd and Pb, their resistance and bioconcentration ability to these elements are studied with selective media and filter method. The results show that the variation of microbial biomass in waste water has no relation to the concentrations of Cd or Pb. The resistant microbial biomass is strongly affected by environmental temperature, its resistance to heavy metals is Pb>Cd and mould>saccharomycete>bacteria. The highest resistant concentration of Cd and Pb by mould is 20000 mg·L^(-1),that of saccharomycete and bacteria is 5000mg Cd·L^(-1) and 10000 mgPb·L^(-1). The bioconcentration of Cd and Pb by resistant microorganism has a close relation to its resistance and the toxicity of Cd and Pb. The dominant microorganisms in Cd and Pb waste water are Erwuba, Alacligenes, Arthrobacter, Candida, Aspergillus and Cladosporinm.