新型光温敏小麦不育系337S的组织结构研究

Cytological Characteristics in a New Material of Male Sterile Line 337S of Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

普通小麦(Triticumaestivum)不育系337S是一种对短日低温、长日高温均敏感不育的新型光温敏雄性不育系。对经过短日低温、长日高温处理的不育系花药及其小孢子的形态和发育过程进行了观察,观察结果表明,不育系337S的花药异常短小,开花后花丝短,花药难外露。花药发育过程中中层组织发育紊乱,绒毡层提前解体,影响了花粉母细胞发育所需的营养供应,导致短日低温处理下的花粉母细胞减数分裂中期I和长日高温处理下的花粉母细胞发育时期花粉母细胞发育异常,形成异常小孢子,造成败育。

Male sterile line 337S of wheat (Triticum aestivum) was sensitive both to short day-length and low temperature and to long day-length and high temperature.The shape and abortion process of anther and microspores in 337S were investigated in this thesis.The results obtained were summarized as follows:the anthers of 337S were anormaly short and small,and the filaments were so short that the anthers stretched difficultly.The disorder of the middle layer and the disorganization of mesospore ahead of time were the main reason of abortion for 337S.The MI of meiosis was the main stage of microspores degenerating of 337S in short day-length and low temperature.Long day-length and high temperature that occurred during pollen mother cells stage.