纵向研发合作中的收益分配和成本分担机制

Income and Cost Allocation Mechanisms with Vertical R&D Cooperation

针对有一个下游垄断企业和多个上游寡头企业组成的二层市场结构,对上下游投资、下游研发的合作模式提出了一种收益分配机制和两种成本分担机制。在收益分配机制中,采用逆向归纳法得到了产量、价格和收入的解;在成本分担机制中研究了研发资金的限制、联盟规模、成本分担系数等,得到最优的研发联盟规模为只有一个游企业等结论。最后对收入比例分担方法和固定比例分担方法作了比较。

For a two-tier market structure included of one downstream monopolist and some upstream oligopolists,an income and two cost allocation mechanisms are put forward for a R&D cooperation mode in which upstream and downstream firms invest and the downstream monopolist carries on a R&D project.In income allocation mechanisms,we get the solutions of output,price and income by backward induction.In cost allocation mechanisms,the limitation of R&D capital, the size of alliance and the cost allocation coefficient are researched.Some inclusions are acquired,such as the optimal size of a R&D alliance only includes of an upstream firm.Last,proportional cost allocation and fixed fraction cost allocation are compared.