COⅡ基因在昆虫分子系统学研究中的作用和地位

Roles and status of cytochrome oxidase II gene in the research of insect molecular systematics.

细胞色素氧化酶Ⅱ(cytochromeoxidaseⅡ,COⅡ)基因位于线粒体DNA(mtDNA)上,编码细胞色素氧化酶亚基Ⅱ,该亚基为细胞色素c提供重要的结合位点。COⅡ基因进化速率较快,是昆虫分子系统学研究中理想的分子标记。目前,已经利用该基因从各个分类水平对昆虫系统发育关系、物种形成与分化、种群遗传与变异及生物地理等方面做了广泛的研究。研究表明,利用该基因可以很好地解决昆虫属、种及种下分类单元的系统发育问题,但是在解决科、亚科等高级阶元的系统发育关系时仍存在一些局限,COⅡ基因与其他mtDNA及核基因的联合分析能够更好地解决昆虫的系统发育问题。

Cytochrome oxidase Ⅱ gene is locating on the mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA),encoding the cytochrome oxidase subunit Ⅱ which contains the binding site of cytochrome c.COⅡ gene is an ideal molecular marker in molecular systematics study of insects.It has a quick evolution rate.Presently,lots of studies of insects' phylogenetic relationships,species formation and specialization,populations inheritance and variation,biogeography,etc.have been done based on this gene. The study revealed based on the COⅡ gene,the phylogenetic relationships of the genera,species and infraspecific taxa of insects can be well resolved.However,there still have some limits when using the COⅡ gene investigating the phylogenetic relationships of high taxa such as family and subfamily.Combined with other mtDNA and nuclear gene, the COⅡ gene can resolve the phylogenetic relationships of insects much better.