一种内涵深刻的古典教育观——柏拉图《国家篇》教育思想述评

A Profound Classic Education View Analysize Platon's “On State”

柏拉图在《国家篇》中 ,提出了自己所理想的国家学说 ,同时强调在“理想国”中 ,抓教育乃是治理国家的头等大事 ,他主张教育要从幼儿抓起 ,要坚持德、智、体、美教育全面和谐发展 ,要学习“四艺”(即算术、几何、天文、音乐 ) ,要实施意志教育 ,研修辩证法 ,从而挑选和培养出“哲学王”———政治权力与聪明才智合而为一的国家未来的统治者。这种经典“思辩性”的教育观 ,蕴含有丰富而深刻的内涵 ,是古希腊教育思想发展的最高峰 ,今天读来 ,仍发人深省。

Platon put forward his own ideal theory of state in “On State”.also emphasized that education is a major event of controlling state. He thought that education should be done from childhood,comprehensive,harmony development of moral,intelligence ,physical training and aesthetic education.“Four Subjects”(arithmetic,geometry, astronomy,music) should be taught. Willpower education and dialectics should be enforced so as to select and train “king of philosophy”——future controller of state conbining political power and intelligence. This diatectical classic view of education contains rich,profound meaning. It is the summit of classic Greece education thought development. It sets people thinking for readers today.