不同育苗基质对黄瓜幼苗质量的影响

EFFECT OF DIFFERENT NURSERY MEDIA ON THE QUALLITY OF CUCUMBER SEEDLING

用腐叶土、复合基质(草炭∶蛭石=2∶1)和普通营养土作育苗基质,在温室条件下研究其对黄瓜幼苗质量的影响。结果表明:腐叶土的育苗效果在三种基质中表现最好。在子叶期,以腐叶土作基质的黄瓜幼苗的简单指标(子叶长、子叶宽、胚轴粗、胚轴长)和复合指标(子叶长×子叶宽,子叶长×子叶宽×子叶厚)均极显著地高于用普通营养土培育的黄瓜幼苗的相应指标。在四叶一心期,用腐叶土培育的黄瓜幼苗的简单指标(全株干重、叶面积、冠干重、根重、茎粗、株高)和复合指标[(茎粗/株高+根重/冠重)×全株干重、(茎粗/株高)×全株干重、(根重/冠重)×全株干重、(茎粗/株高)×全株干重、(茎粗/株高)×全株干重×叶片数]也极显著地高于用复合基质、普通营养土培育的幼苗的相应指标。因此,在生产上可以用腐殖土代替复合基质和普通营养土进行黄瓜育苗。

Three substrates such as grass mould, complex medium (turf vermiculite=2∶1) and nutritious soil were used to study the effect of them on the quality of cucumber seedling. The results showed that grass mould effect was the best.In the cotyledon period, the simple indexes (cotyledon length, cotyledon width, radicel width, radicel length) and complex indexes(cotyledon length×cotyledon width,cotyledon length×cotyledon width×cotyledon thickness)of seedlings which were cultured on grass mould were remarkably higher than those of seedling cultured on common nutritious soil. During the four euphylla period,the simple indexes(DW of plant, leaf area, DW of crown, DW of root, stem width, height of plant) and complex indexes[(stem thickness/height+R/T)×DW,(stem thickness/height)×DW, (R/T)×DW, (stem thickness/height)×DW of over ground, (stem thickness/height)×number of leaves] of seedlings which were cultured on grass mould were also remarkably higher than those of seedlings cultured on common nutritious soil and complex medium. Therefore, grass mould could be used in cucumber seedling breeding in production instead of complex medium and common nutritious soil.