‘粉皮’石榴花芽分化研究

Preliminary Research on Flower Bud Dfferentiation of 'Pink' Pomegranate

将‘粉皮’石榴的花芽分化分为7个时期,其中,胚珠分化期尤为关键。在安徽怀远,花芽的形态分化从6月上旬开始,历时2～10个月不等。花芽分化既连续,又表现出3个高峰期,即当年的7月上旬、9月下旬和4月上、中旬。花芽以花瓣期或之前的时期越冬。与花芽分化高峰期相对应的是3个开花高峰期,称为“头花”、“二花”和“三花”。石榴花芽分化要求较高的温湿条件。最适温度为月均温20±5℃。低温是石榴花芽分化的限制因素,月均温低于10℃时,花芽分化逐渐减弱直至停止。文中还讨论了石榴花序的类型等。

Flower bud differentiation of 'Pink' pomegranate includes seven stages, of which the ovule differentiation stage is the most critical. Flower bud morphological differentiation of 'Pink' pomegranate begins in early June and requires 2~11 months. 'First' 'Second' and 'Third' flowers may be divided and are individually composed of a different kind of flower buds which differentiate at the different time. The optimum temperature of flower bud differentiation is 20±5℃ of month average temperature in Hauiyang county, Anhui province, China. The flower bud becomes unable to differentiate below 10℃ of month average temperature. The inflorescence of pomegranate is also discussed.