山茶属古茶组和金花茶组的分类学问题

ON TAXONOMIC PROBLEMS OF SECT. ARCHECAMELLIA SEALY AND SECT. CHRYSANTHA CHANG IN THE GENUS CAMELLIA

本文重点讨论金花茶组Sect.Chrysantha H.T.Chang的分类学位置。通过对金花茶C chrysantha(Hu)Tuyama、亮叶离蕊茶C.nitidissima Chi和分布于越南北部的多瓣山茶C petelotii(Merr.)Sealy的模式标本和原始材料的研究考订,确认金花茶的拉丁名称应进一步更正为C petelotii(Merr.)Sealy.对古茶组Sect.Archecamellia Sealy和金花茶组的特征性状的比较分析表明,J.R.Sealy以C.petelotii(Merr.)Sealy为模式建立的古茶组是一个自然类群,金花茶组和J.R.Sealy的古茶组之间分类学特征相同,两组的模式同为一种一—C.petelotii,从而认为金花茶组不能成立,被首次归并到古茶组中。同时认为《山茶属植物的系统研究》一书改变了古茶组的分类学概念和转移了组的模式是不妥的。通过研究,确认古茶组共有16种和3变种, 除原古茶组的7种外,包括连蕊茶组Sect.Theopsis中的C.indochinensis和金花茶组中6种和3变种被转移到本组之中,以及本文提出的两个新种。原金花茶组其余16种(包括未正式发表的4种)、2变种和3个变型均作为相应种或变种的同物异名归并。此外,还讨论了各种错误鉴定和有关分化与分布的问题。

The taxonomic position of Sect. Chrysantha H. T. Chang was discussed here. C. chrysantha ( Hu) Tuyama and C. nitidissima Chi were further reduced to C. petelotii (Merr.) Sealy. Sect. Chrysantha H. T. Chang was the first time transfered to Sect. Archecamellia Sealy. Some species of Sect. Chrysantha were revised and various incorrect determination was discussed with distribution record. 16 species and 3 varieties were determined in Sect. Archecamellia. 1. It was regarded that Sect. Archecamellia presented by J. R. Sealy (1958) was a natural group with stable characters such as distinct pedicel, 5- 10 bracteoles, 3- 5 separate styles, hairy seeds, brown punctures under leaf and arch nerves etc… It was recognized that Sealy's conception changed and type-species of Sect. Archecamellia transfered in 'A Taxonomy of the Genus Camellia'book were not rightful. 2. In accordance with the compare and study of type-specimens and original description of C. chrysantha (Hu) Tuyama, C. nitidissima Chi and C. petelotii (Merr.) Sealy, it wasexposed that all characters of them was unanimous, therefore C. nitidissima and C. chrysantha were further reduced to C. petelotii (Merr.) Sealy distributed in North Vietnam. 3. Based on the analysis of the morphological characters of all species in Sect. Chrysantha H. T. Chang, it was of interest to note that there were common characters and identical type-species (C. petelotii) between Sect. Chrysantha and Archecamellia. It was proved that Sect. Chrysantha could not be regerded as an independent group and was the first time reduced or transfered to Sect. Archecamellia. 4. 7 species of Sect. Archecamellia were recognized, C. indochinensis Merr. in Sect. Theopsis and 6 species as well as 3 varieties in Sect. Chrysantha were transfered to Sect. Archecamellia, the others about 16 species, 2 varieties and 3 forms of this section were revised with the necessary nomenclature changes. By the study, 16 species and 3 varieties were determined in Sect. Archecamellia, included 2 new species published here.