白僵菌防治松毛虫研究和技术推广

Study and Extension of Control Technique of Beauveria Bassiana to Dendrolimus Punctatus Walker

白僵菌防治松毛虫研究以及二十二年来在省内66个县撒放900t白僵菌粉,防治142万余亩松林松毛虫,实践证明应用白僵菌防治马尾松毛虫不会影响养蚕业,不会增加家蚕的僵病数量,这主要是由于防治松毛虫用的是松毛虫白僵菌,它对家蚕致病力低,对松毛虫致病力高,菌株不同;放菌治虫后,白僵菌数量很快消退到原来自然界的水平;松毛虫白僵菌在自然界的数量达不到使家蚕致病的数量。白僵菌的生产解决了三大技术难点:产品干燥技术,机械分离白僵菌孢子技术和高孢粉生产技术。解决了白僵菌的生产问题。明确了使用方法:纱布袋撒粉、机械喷粉和飞机喷洒;确定了放菌量,常规菌粉0.5～1.0kg/亩,高孢粉1.0～10.0g/亩;明确了放菌时间,每年10～11月份,3～4月份防治越冬代松毛虫;浙南、浙东南、沿海县市是我省最适合应用白僵菌防治松毛虫的地区,白僵菌的防治效果在70%以上。解决了白僵菌的使用问题。全省已广泛应用白僵菌防治松毛虫,有些地区白僵菌防治面积占总防治面积的1/3,已成为我省防治松毛虫的主要手段。应用白僵菌防治松毛虫挽回损失折合人民币3184.09方元,有显著的经济效益。

Study on control technique of beauveria bassiana to Dendrolimus punctatusWalker by applied 900t Beauveria bassiana powder to control Dendrolimus punctatus in 1,420, 000mu masson pine (Pinus massoniana) forest in 66 counties of Zhejiang province in recent 22years resulted that this method had no influence to sericulture because of different Beauveriabassiana strain. 3 technique difficulties of production were overcome: drying technique ofproduct, mechnical separation technique of spore with Beauveria bassiana and productiontechnique of high spore content beauveria. Application method were: artificial application withbeauveria powder in gauze bag, mechanical spray and aerial spray. Every October-Novemberand March- April, 0.5～1.0 kg/mu of normal powder and 1.0～10.0 g/mu of high spore contentpowder were applicated to control overwintering generation of Dendrolimus punctatus Walker.Regions of the south, southeast of Zhejiang and coastal counties were the most suitable forcontrol, the result were over 70%. Application of Beauveria bassiana had evident economiceffect, about 31,840, 000 yuan of loss had retrieved.