提高小麦分蘖成穗率和单穗生产力的途径

Studies on cultural passway of increasing effective tiller percentage and single car productivity in wheat.

研究了小麦不同类型品种在分蘖成穗率和穗粒结构上的差异以及栽培密度、施肥方法对这些性状的影响。结果表明:单株穗数和平均单穗粒重的关系,品种间差异明显,大穗型品种的单穗粒重有随单株穗数增加而增加的趋势,多穗型品种以带2个分蘖穗的植株单穗粒重最大;降低栽培密度可增加单株分蘖数和成穗数,每穗粒数印单穗粒重心显著提高,但成穗率是否增加因品种而异;孕穗肥可提高分蘖成穗率、增加每穗粒数和单穗粒重。文中还就提高小麦分蘖成穗率和单穗生产力的栽培途径作了讨论。

The difference among wheat cultivars in tiller growth and their percentage of developing into ear and ear characters, and the effect of planting density and fertilizing methods on above traits were tudied. The main results were as follows; There were obvious differences among cultivars in ear number per plant (EN) and grain weight per ear(GW). GW increased with EN in two large ear type of cultivars, while in a multi-ear type of cultivar, maximum GW was the plant with two tiller ear. Tiller number and effective tiller number per plant, GW and EN all incuease significantly with the reducing of planting density, however, effective tiller percentage (ETP) showed difference among cultivars. Fertilizing at booting stage increased ETP, and had positive action on EN and GW. The cultural pattern to increase ETP and single ear productivity of wheat was discussed.