论衔接关系——话语组成机制研究

On Cohesive Relations: Studies on the Organizing Mechanisms of Discourse

衔接是语篇内部以及语篇和语境之间的意义关系 ,即一种谋篇意义关系。不同的衔接机制 ,以及在不同的语篇范围内 ,语篇的衔接关系也不同。在韩礼德和哈桑合著的《英语的衔接》(Halliday & Hasan,1976 )一书中 ,他们区分近距离衔接、中距离衔接和远距离衔接。凡·戴克 (van Dijk,1978)区分线性连贯和宏观连贯 ,实际上 ,在衔接模式上表现为线性衔接和宏观衔接。实际上 ,衔接关系还要复杂的多。一方面 ,衔接关系不仅仅是一条线 ,而且它还具有方向性 ,表现为由某个点以一定方向延伸至另一个点的形式 ,具有一定动态性 ;另一方面 ,不同的意义形成的衔接也表现出不同意义的衔接关系。第三 ,衔接关系还表现出一定的模块性、内包性、交叉性、疏密性等。本文力图系统探讨这些衔接关系。

Cohesion is a kind of semantic relations within the text and between text and situation, that is, a semantic relation of textual meaning. Different cohesive devices, in different texts, have different cohesive relations in the text. In Halliday and Hasan's Cohesion in English(1976), they make difference between three types of cohesive relations: close, median and remote. Van Dijk (1978) differentiates linear coherence and macro structural coherence, which manifest themselves in cohesive patterns as linear cohesion and macro structure cohesion.But in reality, the cohesive relations are even more complex. On the one hand, the cohesive relation is not necessarily only a line, it also points to a certain direction, taking on the form of a certain line extending itself from a certain point to another point, so it is dynamic in nature; on the other hand, the cohesive relations formed by different meanings are manifested as different cohesive relations. Thirdly, cohesive relations can also take on the forms of modularity, embeddedness, interpolation and different degrees of density. The present article investigates these cohesive relations.