刻板印象的自动过程研究新进展

THE NEW DEVELOPMENT OF RESEARCHES ON STEREOTYPE'S AUTOMATIC PROCESS

本文从两个方面对刻板印象的自动过程研究进行了回顾 :自动过程是固定的和不可避免的 ;自动过程是有条件的。一个传统的观点在心理学中占据了将近 4 0年 ,它认为刻板印象是自动激活的 ,不考虑知觉者的意图和目标。近几年来针对自动刻板印象的适应性的研究将近 5 0项 ,对此提出挑战 ,研究表明知觉者的目的和意图能够起一些作用 ,自动刻板印象能够被一系列的因素所缓和 。

This thesis reviewed the automatic process of stereotype in two aspects: the automatic process being fixed and unavoidable, and the process being conditional. A traditional opinion, prevalent in the field of psychology for nearly 40 years, argues that automatic process is automatic activation and thus takes no account of perceiver's intentions and aims. In recent years nearly 50 researches aiming at the malleability of automatic process had been made . Challenging the opinion above, these researches indicate that the intentions and aims of perceivers can be somewhat functional, and automatic stereotype can be mediated by a series of factors, and thus has some malleability.