从连贯的二元性特征看阐释连贯的三类标准

A Study of the Three Criteria for Interpreting Discourse Coherence

本文在分析了连贯的二元性特征的基础上,试图从语言形式、语用环境和认知心理三个方面来建立连贯的三个阐释标准.作者认为,如果连贯表现为话语内确定的、显性的、客观的语言特征,对连贯的阐释就是要揭示话语表面的构建规律,连贯研究则遵循语言结构标准.如果连贯表现为话语外不确定的、隐性的、主观的现象,那么连贯研究不仅要从语用环境去分析构成连贯的要素,而且还要从交际者大脑的认知环境去揭示连贯的内部机制,这就是阐释话语连贯的语用学标准和认知标准.这三个标准是系统阐释话语连贯时应遵循的准则,它们并不相互排斥、相互矛盾,而是相互补充的.连贯研究者应根据话语种类的不同以及不同性质的连贯从不同角度去剖析连贯的本质.

This article attempts to establish three criteria for interpreting discourse coherence through an investigation into the properties of coherence.It is claimed that discourse coherence enjoys in nature the dichotomy between overtness and covertness,objectivity and subjectivity,determinacy and indeterminacy. These properties of discourse coherence prescribe the linguistic formal,the pragmatic and the cognitive perspectives of discourse study as the criteria for discourse coherence interpretation. The three criteria,complementary to each other rather than contradictory with each other,are believed to constitute an integrated picture of coherence analysis. Thus,coherence analysts are supposed to make an appropriate choice of the three to serve their practical purposes.