结构助词“得”的来源与“V得C”述补结构的形成

The origin of complement marker de and the verb-complement construction

本文讨论带"得"的述补结构(V得C)产生的途径,着重探讨"V得C"格式中结构助词"得"的来源及虚化过程。魏晋六朝时期,"得"具有"使、令"义用法和功能,唐代"得"以"致使"义动词的身份进入到两个谓词性成分之间的句法位置,形成"V得VP"格式。之后,"得"在该句法位置上进一步虚化为结构助词,原为连动结构的"V得VP"也就演变为述补结构"V得C"。文章最后对"得"产生"致使"义的原因提出了解释。

This paper discusses the source of the verb-complement construction with de (in V de C), and the grammaticalizational process of de in the history of Chinese. It argues that de obtains the causative function during the period of Six dynasties, and continues to get the form of 'V de VP' with the causative meaning in Tang dynasty. Later, the construction of 'V de VP' evolvs to 'V de C' with the further grammaticalization of de. Finally, the paper offers an explanation for the emergence of de ' s causative meaning.