汉语的隐性谓语与英语的显性谓语

The Chinese Implicit Predicate and the English Explicit Predicate

汉语中,除了动词可以作谓语外,其他词类如名词、形容词、数词、象声词也可以作谓语.名词、形容词、数词、象声词作谓语时,其间隐含一个动词,笔者认为可以将这类谓语称为"隐性谓语".如将含有"隐性谓语"的汉语句子译为英语,其中的谓语动词必不可少,这就体现了英语谓语的"显性".许多汉语学者在他们的语法著作中都提到了汉语的名词、形容词、数词、象声词可以作谓语,但并没有解释为什么它们可以作谓语,所以汉语名词、形容词、数词、象声词可以作谓语这一语法观就值得怀疑和商榷了.

In Chinese, besides verbs, nouns, adjectives, numerals and onomatopoeia could also be functioned as predicate. There is a hidden verb in the sentence when nouns, adjectives, numerals and onomatopoeia function as the predicate, so the writer of the paper insists that this kind of predicate should be regarded as 'the implicit predicate'. If we change the sentence with 'the implicit predicate' into English, there must be a verb in the sentence, so the explicit feature of English predicate is shown. Many Chinese scholars have mentioned in their grammar books that Chinese nouns, adjectives, numerals and onomatopoeia can function as predicate, but there is little explanation why they can function as predicate. So we have to suspect the Chinese scholars' views that Chinese nouns, adjectives, numerals and onomatopoeia can function as predicate.