结构主义的语言学基础

Linguistic Foundation of Structuralism

结构主义不是一种哲学流派，而是一种哲学运动，是一些社会学家、心理学家、哲学家、文艺评论家和美学家等所共同具有的结构主义的观点和方法的总称。结构主义的理论基础是索绪尔及其后的结构主义语言学加上后来分化、发展而成的“转换－生成语法”。没有语言学的基础，就不可能有结构主义。

Structuralism is more a philosophical movement than a philosophical school. It is a general term for the structuralist viewpoints and approaches shared by a group of sociologists, psychologists, philosophers, literary critics and aesthetes. The theoretical foundation of structuralism is Structural Linguistics which originated from Saussure's theories and Transformational-Generative Grammar which actually developed from the former. Without its linguistic foundation, there would have been no structuralism.