贮藏期苹果霉心病发病与环境关系的研究

STUDY ON THE RELATION BETWEEN APPLE MOULDY CORE AND THE STORE ENVIRONMENT

引起苹果霉心病的病原菌主要有两种,即链格孢和粉红单端孢。前者侵染引起的病果症状多局限于心室,生长期和贮藏期均可能发病,一般不影响食用价值。后者侵染引起的病果生长期多数症状不明显,贮藏期发病与温度、O_2、CO_2有关,温度是主要因子,呈正相关性。苹果入窖后40天,窖温在10℃左右或10℃以下,O_22％-4％,CO_210％-14％是有利于苹果贮藏而不利于苹果霉心病发病的环境条件。

The apple mouldy core or core rot is mainly caused by Alternaria alternata and Trichothecium roseum, The former develops in carpel cavity both in growing season and in storage. In the latter case, the patho- genic fungus infects fruits in growing season but the rot develops in storage, The core rot in storage is significantly affected by temperature and atmosphere compositions, and is positively correlated with tempera- ture, the main factor conditioning disease incidence, The store environ- ment suitable for apple storage but unfavourable for the disease re- quires temperatures below 10℃ combined with 2%-4% O_2 and 10%-14% CO_2 in the initial 40 days of storage.