可持续发展与产业结构创新

Sustainable Development and Industrial Structure Innovation

本文认为,人类文明的演替与社会进步从来都是与产业结构的创新密切相连与互动的。传统产业结构(三次产业)是在强调对自然的索取以增加经济总量的历史条件下形成的,这种产业结构一方面推动着人类文明(农业文明与工业文明)的发展,另一方面又给人类的生存与发展带来诸多的如资源与环境等发展危机。可持续发展概念的提出源于对过去传统发展模式的反思,因此它要求重新审视传统的产业结构。作者认为,面向可持续发展,应补充以维护与改善环境为目的的第零产业,和以减少废物排放为目的的第四产业,并在此基础上构建新的产业结构体系。与传统产业的形成比较,现阶段第零产业与第四产业的培育更需要观念创新与制度创新。

According to the economic history, economic development and social progress are always accompanied with industrial structure changes. Traditional industrial structure (the primary, second and tertiary industrial) is based on the economic growth and marked with leading industrial sector at different stages, such as agriculture, industry and service. Sustainable development is pursuing the harmony between economic growth and environmental quality. So, a new industrial structure is introduced to replace the traditional industrial structure. The zeroth industrial targets on natural environment maintenance and improvement, while the fourth industrial focuses on recycling and abating the waste. Compared with the technical innovation to the traditional industrials, the conception and institutional innovation play the important roles in the development of the zeroth and fourth induslrial.