社会林业与五指山的自然保护

Community Forestry and Wuzhishan Nature Protection

五指山自然保护区是世界上现存地势最高的原始热带雨林之一，是我省目前面积最大的自然保护区，也是海南三大河流的发源地。但由于保护区横跨琼中、通什、保亭三县、市，紧邻保护区还生存着众多贫困的黎、苗族村民。因此，保护区与周边社区的联系是十分紧密的，社区的发展也直接影响到五指山热带天然林的保护。海南省林业局中德海南热带林保护和恢复项目在社会林业与五指山森林的保护上做出了有益的尝试，就在全省来说，也是首次对社会林业与森林保护上进行的探索。五指山地区社会林业的研究，对保护海南热带雨林也有着积极的意义。特对社会林业与五指山的森林保护进行了阐述、分析和设想。

Compared with other existing tropical rain forests in the world, the elevation of the tropical rain forest in Wuzhishan Nature Reserve is the highest. Being the largest in Hainan Province, Wuzhishan Nature Reserve is also the place where the three major rivers in Hainan originate. Wuzhishan Nature Reserve is located in a region that belongs, administratively, to Qiongzhong County, Tongzha Municipality, and Baoting County. It is also a region where the majority of the local population are poverty-stricken Li and Miao ethnic minorities, an unfortunate fact that links closely the task of nature protection with the livelihood of the local communities. In order to effectively protect the nature reserve under these circumstances, the Sino-German Tropical Protection and Rehabilitation Project of the Forestry Bureau of Hainan Province has carried out a number of measures in terms of community forestry and forest protection. As far as Hainan Province is concerned, these measures are trail-blazing efforts in community forestry and forest protection. Research work in the development of community forestry in Wuzhishan region will be a positive contribution to the protection of the tropical rain forest in Hainan. This treatise is an attempt at a description and analysis of the relationship of the development of community forestry and the protection of the tropical rain forest in Wuzhishan, as well as a tentative plan for its future development.