海南岛西部地区桉树速生丰产林优化栽培模式研究

Preliminary Studies on Optimal Models for TropicalPlantation in Hainan Island, China

对在海南岛儋州林场实施的桉树速生丰产林栽培模式研究进行了总结。尾叶桉、刚果号桉施肥与株行距配置试验结果表明:施肥对幼林期尾叶桉、刚果号桉生1212长均有极显著的差异影响,不同的施肥配比和施肥量对尾叶桉生长的施肥效果是:B2 N0P150K160> B4 N90P200K160 >B3 N90P150K160> B1 N0P0K0(对照);对刚果号桉的效应是:12A3 N90P150K160> A4 N90P200K160> A2 N0P150K160> A1 N0P0K0;在相同的密度下不同的株行距配置方式对尾叶桉、刚果号桉的生长无影响,差异不显著。年生刚果号桉整地、密12312度与施肥试验结果表明:整地、施肥对家系和无性系的树高、胸径生长和胸径生长有影响,且差异极显著;密度仅对刚果号桉无性系胸径生长有影响且差异显著。三因素对12刚果号桉生长的影响程度为:整地>施肥>密度。—年生的四种人工林优化栽培模1236式分析结果表明:在同一立地类型,相同的栽培抚育管理措施下,选择适宜的良种是确保人工林实现丰产的关键;同一立地类型相同的栽培抚育措施下,刚果号桉行间间种12绢毛相思比间种大叶桃花心木生长量高;粗果相思在海南岛西北部的儋州地区发展潜力比马占相思大。

The preliminary studies on optimal plantation models carried out at Danzhou Forest Farm, Hainan Province during 1993-2000 are summarized in this paper. Early fertilization could promote significantly the growth of juvenile plantation of either Eucalyptus urophylla or E. 12ABL. For E. urophylla, the effect of different fertilizer composition treatments on growth falls within the following rank: B2(N0P150K160) > B4(N90P200K160) > B3(N90P150K160)>B1(N0P0K0)(CK), but as to E. 12ABL, it is A3(N90P150K160)> A4(N90P200K160)> A2(N0P150K160) >A1(N0P0K0). In the same density, E. urophylla differs significantly in height (H) and diameter at breast height (DBH) with spacing, but E. 12ABL does not. Among the three factors of site preparation, density and fertilization, site preparation has the highest influence on growth of 3-year-old E. 12ABL plantation, density the next and fertilization the least. In cultivation models, employment of superior varieties is the basis for high yielding. E. 12ABL plantation row-intercropped with Acacia holosericea grows better than that with Swietenia macrophylla. A. crassicarpa is of greater potential of extension than A. mangium in Danzhou as well as other regions in north-western of Hainan Island.