枯斑拟盘多毛孢菌的生物学特性研究

BIOLOGY OF PINE RED BLIGHT PATHOGEN PESTALOTIOPSIS FUNEREA

实验表明引起松赤枯病的桔斑盘多毛孢菌(Pestalotiopsis funerea(Desm.)Stey]菌丝生长的适宜温度为19℃—25℃,最适温度斑22℃。在PDA、CDA加酵母粉及麦芽膏琼胶培养基上生长发育良好。孢子萌发最适温度为22℃,相对湿度低于85%时不萌发。孢子萌发率在自来水中为17%,在寄主表面为8%,在麦芽膏营养液内为73%。95%相对湿度条件下在寄主枝条上产孢数量最多。病菌在光照下方能产生子实体,3600A波长的光线对产孢具有促进作用。病菌对水培及盆栽的寄主枝叶具侵染作用。多菌灵、代森锌锰、抑菌灵、Prochloraz和lprodione五种药剂均对菌丝生长有抑制作用,其抑菌中量及完全抑菌最低剂量分别为:多菌灵0.0352,0.1075ppm;Prochloraz 0.0071,0.1102ppm;lprodione 3.2917,110.1827ppm;代森锌锰37.5238,98.4069ppm;抑菌灵抑菌中量为11.6580ppm。药剂对孢子萌发的抑菌中量和完全抑菌最低剂量为抑菌灵0.7877,4.4791ppm;Prochloraz2.4434,10.0511ppm;代森锌锰20.1575,120.5289ppm。

Test results showed that the optimum temperature for the mycelium growthof Pestalotiopsis funerea was at 22℃ 19-25℃.nanging from The pathogen grewvigorously on PDA and CDA+yeast extract media.The optimum temperaturefor spore germination was also at 22℃.The germination rate in the take water,on the surface of host plant and in 2% malt extract liquid were 17%,8% and73% respectively.No germination occured under 85% of relative humidity. Light was required to produce the fruit body.The 3600A wave length of violet light was particularly effective.for govmindum of anidia The pathogenwas infectious to water cultured plant shoot and root cuttings of Sabina sp.Carbendazim,dichloflaunid,mancozeb,procloraz and iprodione were all effective to inhibit the mycelium growth of P.funerea.ED50(effective dosage for50% inhibition)and ED100(effective dosage for 100% inhibition)were 0.0352and 0.1075 ppm for carbendazim,0.0071 and 0.1102 ppm for procloraz,3.2971and 110.1827 ppm for iprodione,37.5238 and 98.4069 ppm for mancozeb and11.6580 for dichloflaunid.The ED50 and ED100 in the spore germination testwere 0.7877 and 4.4791 ppm for dichloflaunid,2.4434 and 10.0511 for procloraz and 20.1575 and 120.5298 ppm for mancozeb.Key words:pine red blight,Pestalotiopsis funerea,biology