马尾松(Pinus massoniana)感染松材线虫(Bursaphelenchus xylophilus)的研究

ON THE INFECTION OF PINUS MASSONIANA BY PINE WOOD NEMATODE,BURSAPHELENCHUS XYLOPHIUS

1987—1988年在江苏南京—镇江松材线虫疫区内采(征)集143份自然枯死或濒死马尾松样本,在94份(65.7%)样本中查见松材线虫。有关林分中马尾松的病枯情况不一,在句容桥头一下蜀一线、江宁汤山和六合方山等处有过相当多的马尾松发病死亡。表明松材线虫是当地马尾松自然枯死的主要原因。人工测定了无黑松林区5年生浙江富阳马尾松苗及混栽黑松林区4—5年生江苏马尾松苗对两种松材线虫分离物的反应,结果指出,供试松苗都表现中度感染或高度感染,并有20%或70—80%的病枯株。接种林间马尾松,初步证实马尾松对松材线虫的抗性随树龄变化。1—2年生马尾松苗高感松材线虫,病枯株率高达85.7%;树龄25年以上的成材树病枯株率约30%;而10年左右的幼树则无一发病死亡。

Au investigation on the cause of Pinus massoniana wilt in the areas beinginfected with pine wood nematode(PWN)in Jiangsu Province was carriedout from 1987 to 1988.Among the 143 samples collected from wilted or wilting Masson pines in sevsral stands,94(65.7%)were found to have beeninfected by PWN.This demonstrates that PWN is the primary cause of P.massoniana natural wilt.The Masson pine seedlings Fuyang,Zhejiang from-a forest farm without black pines(P.thunbergii)and typical Massonpine seedlings grown in stand with black pines were tested respectively byartificial inoculation with PWN The results showed that the seedlings of thetwo sources were mediately and highly susceptible to PWN,respectively,withdisease incidences of 20% and 70—80% respectively.Artificial inoculation ofMasson pines grown in forest zone also proved preliminarily that resistanceof Masson pines to PWN varied with ages of the trees Seedlings of 1 to 2year-old and grown trees of over 25 year-old were highly and medianlysusceptible to PWN,respectively,with disease incidences of 85.7% and about30% respectively.Young trees of about 10 year-old were highly resistant toPWN with no trees wilted.