1985～1990年我国小麦条锈菌生理专化研究

ON THE PHYSIOLOGIC SPECIALIZATION OF STRIPE RUST OF WHEAT IN CHINA DURING 1985～1990

本文报道了1985～1990年对我国小麦条锈菌8446个标样的监测结果。对发现的条中29号和洛13、洛10类群等进行了广泛研究。反映了这一时期我国条锈菌的变化,1988年前条中25号仍居首位,出现频率在19.3～27.5%,其次为23号(15.1～18.4%),26号(10.9～17.3%);1988年起,条中29号跃居为优势(28.0%),1989和1990年达40.3%和30.8%,25、23和26号等小种均下降到4%以下,进入了以29和28号为代表的洛13和洛10类群为主体的阶段。对条锈病流行和抗锈育种产生了重要影响。

This is a report of the physiological specialization of stripe rust of wheat in China during 1985～1990.8446 samples were collected and identified on 16 differential hosts,namely Trigo Eureka,Fulhard,Lutescens 128,Mentana,Virgilio,Abbondanza,Early preminum,Funo,Ju- bilejina 2,Fengchan 3,Lovrin13,Kanguin 655,Shuiyuan 11,Zhong 4 and Lovrin 10.During 1985～1987,the percentages of occurrence of race CY25 were 91.3～27.5%,while those of the less important races CY23 and CY26 were 15.1%～18.4% and 10.9% ～17.3% respectively. Since 1988,the race CY29 which is the most virulent race to the current cultivars has become the dominant one in China.The percentages of this race were 28.0%,40.3%,30.8% during 1988 ～1990.The races CY28,Lovrin 13 types and Lovrin 10 types were also virulent to the current cultivars.The percentaes of less important race CY25,CY23 and CY26 reduced to less than 4%.Breeding wheat for the resistance to the races CY29,CY28,Lovrin 13 types and Lovrin 10 types of stripe rust is urgently needed.