俄汉空间隐喻比较研究

A Comparative Study of Spatial Metaphors in Russian and Chinese

早期对于空间方位的研究主要关注语言如何对不同的空间关系进行编码。随着认知语言学的兴起和发展 ,空间方位在构造和理解人类经验过程中的作用日益受到重视。“上—下”就是一个重要的空间范畴 ,在俄语和汉语中 ,有很多概念隐喻性地建构在这一范畴之上并借助该范畴才得以被理解 ,如时间、数量、社会地位和等级制度、品质等。比较分析“上—下”空间范畴在俄语和汉语中衍生出的隐喻性概念 ,对于研究语义引申和第二语言教学中母语干扰问题很有启发意义。

Studies of spatial orientations used to concentrate on how various spatial relations are structured and coded in different languages. However, with the rise of cognitive linguistics,spatial metaphors have been attracting increasing attention.It has been suggested that many concepts are metaphorically structured and understood in terms of spatial orientations. This paper sets out to study the up down orientation,examining metaphors based on this orientation in Chinese and Russian. It has been discovered that in both languages such concepts as time, quantity,social status and quality are metaphorically constructed in terms of the up down orientation. Certain differences between the two languages have also been revealed.Implications of this comparative study are also explored in the paper.