不同移情训练法对儿童分享行为影响的实验研究

THE EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON THE INELUENCE OF DIFFERENT EMPATHY TRAINING METHODS TO CHILDREN'S SHARING BEHAVIOR

本研究采用自行设计的实验情境 ,比较了两种不同移情训练方法 :情境讨论法和角色扮演法对儿童分享行为产生的影响。本实验选取了幼儿园中班、小学一年级和小学三年级三个年龄段的 16 2名被试 ,将他们按实验要求随机分成情境讨论组、角色扮演组和控制组 ,然后进行为期一个月的情境讨论移情训练和角色扮演移情训练 ,通过即时后测和延缓后测让被试去分享奖品和玩具来检测两种不同的移情训练方法的效果。实验结果表明 :1 无论哪种移情训练方法均可有效促进儿童分享行为的发展。 2 情境讨论法的训练效果随儿童年龄增长而提高 ;角色扮演法在幼儿园中班训练效果最好、小学一年级次之、小学三年级最差。 3 对于小学一年级和小学三年级儿童来讲 ,角色扮演法比情境讨论法对分享行为更具有延缓作用 ;

The research had adopted self designed experimental circumstances and made a comparison between the two different empathy training methods:Case discussing and Role playing which had the influence to children's sharing behavior.A sample of 162 children ranging in age from 5 to 9 participated in this project.They were divided into Case discussing group?Role playing group and Non influenced group.One month training of Case discussing and Role playing had proceeded,Through Right away Test and Delayed Test,the tested children were made to share the awards and toys in order to test the different effects.We found the following results:(1) No matter which empathy training method was used,all the tested children's sharing behavior could be efficiently improved.(2) The training effect of Case discussing was improved as the ages increase;The training effect of Role playing on the five year old children is the best,the seven year old children is better and it's common to the nine year old children.(3)As to the tested children of seven year old children and nine year old children,Role playing had more delaying effect than Case discussing.As to the tested children of five year old children,it was not so obvious.