森林遗传资源保护研究进展

Advances in the conservation of forest genetic resources

森林遗传资源的保护事关现代及后代的利益,已引起全球的极大关注,自70年代以来,就地保护与迁地保护作为主要的战略在森林遗传资源保护实践中使用。一般来说森林遗传资源的就地保护可以通过建立自然保护区来实现。迁地保护主要包括种子库、田间基因库、种子园及细胞或组织培养等技术。就地保护和迁地保护应当相互补充,两者结合使用是保存森林遗传多样性的有效方法。对森林遗传资源保护战略的选择以及因贸易而濒危的热带材用树及其保护问题也作了简要评述。

Conserving forest genetic resources which is related to the benefit of present and future generations has been deeply concerned in the world wide. Since 1970s in situ and ex situ conservation have been used as the major strategies for the safeguarding of forest genetic resources. Generally, in situ conservation of forest genetic resources may be realized by establishing nature reserves. National park, Multiple use management area, Nature conservation reserve and Scientific reserve are suitable to preserve forest genetic resources. Ex situ conservation includes seed bank, field genebank, seed orchard and tissue or cell culture, etc. Both in situ and ex situ should be regarded as complementary and mutually reinforcing methods and the integration of in situ and ex situ is to be a effective approach to conserve forest genetic diversity. An overview of selecting strategy of conservation and conserving tropical tember species threatened by trade is presented.