社会保障制度改革与政治稳定:西方的经验分析

The reform of social security system and political stability: an analysis of Western experience

西方社会保障制度不仅与经济利益紧密相关 ,而且与政治斗争结伴而来 ,逐渐成为资本主义政府的一项基本功能 ,成为资本主义政党政治的一个主要内容 ,对稳定西方资产阶级统治和国家政权发挥了重要的政治功能。 2 0世纪 70年代中期以后 ,西方各国纷纷改革社会保障制度。由于社会保障制度具有刚性和权威性 ,甚至已经和西方政治制度融为一体 ,社会保障政策成了政治体制中不可或缺的组成部分 ,因此 ,社会保障制度的改革牵涉到公众的既得利益 ,要经过复杂的政治程序和相当程度的公民认同 ,必须谨慎地加以推进。

The Western social security system has not only been connected with economic interests,but has been accompanied by political struggle,and gradually it has become a main function of the capitalist government.Therefore,it has also inevitably become a main content of capitalist party politics and played an important role to stabilize the capitalist domination and national regime in the West.From mid 1970's,the reform of social security sysem has become a trend in the Western countries.But,due to the firmness and authorities of the institutionalized social security system,which has even been melted into the Western political system,the policies of social security have become an indispensable part of the political system.The reform of it will involve the vested interest of the public,and will also undergo complex political procedures and civil recognition to a rather high extent,and have to be pushed on cautiously.