摘要
古代生物遗体中的DNA经历了漫长的历史年代后，总会发生破坏和损伤，因此，古DNA 的长度至多有几百个碱基对的水平。本文对出土于河南省郑州市西山仰韶文化晚期遗址、内 蒙古克什克腾旗龙头山青铜时代遗址和察右后旗三道湾汉代鲜卑族墓葬的古代人骨进行了古 DNA的实验研究。从4例古人骨标本中提取出古DNA。提取物的线粒体DNA片段由聚合酶链式反应（PCR）扩增，且被测序。本实验证明了扩增序列的真实性，不存在外源基因的污染。通过Clustal X序列分析软件进行同源性比较后，发现龙头山夏家店上层文化居民与三道湾汉代鲜卑族居民之间的同源性较近，而西山新石器时代居民与前二者之间的同源性则相对较远。〔
The DNA retrieved from old tissue remains lived through a historic p rocess is always so destroyed and spoiled that the length of ancient DNA is at mos t several hundreds of base pairs. In the experiment, ancient DNA was extracted f rom human bones (varying in age from about 2000 to 5000 years old) recovered fro m the archaeological sites in Henan province and Inner Mongolia. Two mitochondri al DNA fragments (121bp, 205bp) were amplified from the extracts using the polym erase chain reaction and sequenced directly. Evidence is presented that the ampl ified sequences are authentic and do not represent contamination by extraneous D NA. Comparisions were made between these sequences by sequence analysis software Clustal X, and the result show that there is a higher homology among the three samples from Longtoushan Site and Sandaowan Site than between the three samples and the sample from Xishan Site.
出处
《北方文物》
2001年第3期8-11,共4页
Northern Cultural Relics
基金
国家基础科学人才培养基金
