中分子右旋糖酐及硝普钠对犬实验性急性心包填塞的血流动力学影响

The effects of dextran and nitroprusside on experimental acute pericardial tamponade in dogs

本文通过动物实验探讨中分子右旋糖酐及硝普钠对急性心包填塞的血流动力学影响。结果表明,中分子右旋糖酐单纯扩容可明显提高心包填塞的心输出量(CO)和平均外周动脉压(MSAP)。但同时亦使平均右房压(MRAP)、平均肺动脉压(MPAP)、平均肺动脉楔嵌压(MPWP)和平均心包腔内压(MIPP)明显升高(P均<0.05)。在扩容基础上,适量硝普钠可进一步提高CO(P<0.05),同时可避免单纯扩容所导致的MRAP、MPAP、MPWP及MIPP升高的不利影响,从而使心包填塞的血流动力学获得明显改善。

The hemodynamic effects of dextran and nitroprusside on acute pericardial tamponade were investigated on dogs. The result showed that dextran increased CO and MSAP significantly (all P<0.05) by volume expansion. At the same time, MRAP, MPAP, MPWP and MIPP were also remarkably elevated (all P<0.05). On the basis of volume expansion, 5μg/kg/min nitroprusside further augmented CO (P<0.05) and might avoid the elevation of pressure parameters as showed in volume expansion alone. 10μg/kg/min nitroprusside further decreased all the pressure parameters, but fails to elicit further augmentation of CO and might cause serious systemic hypotension.