井下铁矿通风防尘技术措施效果的卫生学评价

THE HYGIENIC EVALUATION ON EFFECTIVENESS OF VENTILATION AND DUST CONTROL MEASURES FOR IRON MINES

对18家大中型井下铁矿通风防尘技术措施效果进行了卫生学评价。其结果表明:采取通风防尘技术措施,井下铁矿作业环境得到显著改善,五十年代与八十年代相比,粉尘浓度由31.4mg/m^3降到3.4mg/m^3;粉尘合格率由19.6％上升至57.9％。在作业环境逐步改善的同时,粉尘危害也不断减轻,五十年代与八十年代相比,接尘工人矽肺发病工龄由10.67年延长至23.42年;矽肺患者死亡年龄由50.35岁延长至60.25岁。综合防尘前后矽肺累积发病率分别为11.23％与1.65％,二者差异显著。

The hygienic evaluation on effectiveness of ventilation and dust control measures for the 18 iron mines has been made in this paper. The evaluation results were as follows: The working environment has shown distinct improvement after taking ventilation and dust control measures. The dust concentration which was 31.4mg/m^3 in the 1950s was reduced to 3. 4mg/m^3 in the 1980s. The sample percentage according to dust concentration standard which was 19.6% in the 1950s was raised to 57.9% in the 1980s. The dust hazard was reduced in the working environment. The incidence of silicosis, on the average of 10.67 years'standing in the 1950s was extended to the average of 23.42 years' in the 1980s. The death age of silicosis on the average of 50. 35 years' standing in the 1950s was lengthened to the average of 60.25 years' old in the 1980s. The accumulative silicosis incidences before and after taking comprehensive dust control measures were 11.23% and 1.65% respectively. The difference between the both incidences was very significant.