温州市郊杂交水稻矮化病研究——Ⅰ.传播介体、寄主、症状及病原形态

Studies on Stunt Disease of Hybrid Rice in Wenzhou Ⅰ. Vector, Host, Symptom and Morphology of Virus

从温州市杂交晚稻矮化病病株上分离到一种病原,能由灰飞虱持久传播,非经卵传染;在20～33℃下的循回期为8～23天;寄主有水稻、玉米、大麦和小麦等,发病后均表现为植株矮缩、色泽浓绿、叶片僵直,在水稻和玉米病株的叶背、叶鞘和茎秆上产生粗条状脉肿,先蜡白色而后变黑褐色;取病稻汁液于电镜下观察到直径为75～80nm的球状颗粒;在玉米脉肿的超薄切片里显示直径为75～80nm的球状颗粒,中央区电子密度高,周围有20～25nm厚的透明圈,散生于细胞质里,呈串状排列于管状结构中或呈晶格状排列。这些结果表明它是水稻黑条矮缩病毒。

A rice virus-like disease broke out in Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province. The infected rice plants became stunt with darking and hardening leaves. Along the veins of sheath, culm and underside of leaves, some waxy swelling could be found, white first, then black brown. When four insects (Laodelphax striatellus, Nelaparvata lugens, Sogatella furoifela and Nephotettix cincticeps)were tested as vector candidates, only the small brown plant hopper(L. striatellus)transmitted the disease in a persistant manner without transovarial passage. The incubation time in the insects was 8—23 days at 20—23℃. The virus infected rice, maize, wheat and barley caused similar symptoms at greenhouse condition. In ultrathin sections made from waxy swelling, the spherical virus particles were found in the cytoplasms, 75—80nm in diameter with a electron-dense central and a 20—25 nm electron-transmitable outside. The particles were scattered, arranged side by side in a tublar structure or formed a crystalline array. With all these results, it was concluded that the stunt disease of hybrid rice in Wenzhou was caused by rice black-streaked dwarf virus.