煤烟型氟污染人群健康效应的生化评价指标探讨

ASSESSMENT OF HUMAN HEALTH EFFECTS CONCERNED WITH EXPOSURE TO INDOOR AIR FLUORIDE CAUSED BY BURNING HIGN FLUORIDE COAL

为探讨评价煤烟型氟污染人群健康效应的生化指标,本研究选择了湖北省秭归县磨坪乡三个村10岁以下的健康儿童进行对比研究。NR村为煤烟型氟污染较严重的村;R村过去污染严重,但已使用降氟炉5年,氟污染水平已大大降低,C村为烧柴区,无氟污染。对59名儿童血清中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)及其同功酶、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)以及全血中谷胱甘肽氧化酶(GSH—px)活性分析的结果表明,氟污染严重的NR村儿童血清中LDH和AKP酶活性明显高于使用了降氟炉的R村和对照C村的儿童(P<0.01),R村和C村儿童血清中此两种酶的活性无显著性差异(P>0.05)。SOD和GSH—px,以及LDH同功酶三个村儿童无明显差异(P>0.05)。结果提示,血清中LDH和AKP酶是氟污染早期效应的灵敏指标,且氟进入机体后对此两种酶活性的影响可能存在一个阈值。但由于LDH和AKP酶活性受影响的因素较多,作为评价氟污染及防治的健康效应时应结合机体的氟负荷和氟暴露史进行综合评定。

This research is to assess the human health effects exposed to excessive fluoride and the prevention effects after reduced fluoride exposure in the endemic fluorosis areas. 59 children under 10 years old are selected to test lacate dehydrogenase (LDH) and isoenzymes.alkaline phosphatase (AKP), superoxide dimutase (SOD) in serum and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in blood. The children come from three villages:nonreformed stove village (NR) with high air and food fluoride polluted ; reformed stove village (R) with using the reducing-fluoride-stove for about 5 years;and control village (C)without fluoride polluted. The results show the LDH and AKP activities in the children of NR village are higher than that of children in C and R villages. There are significant differences by statistic analysis (P<0.01 ), there probably has a threshold in the effect of fluoride on LDH and AKP activities and LDH and AKP are sensitive biomarkers to assess the human health effects caused by fluoride and to estimate the preveotion effects after reduced fluoride exposure. Because LDH and AKP activities are effected by many factors, fluoride load and time of fluoride exposure must be considered when using LDH and AKP as biomarkers for fluorosis.