儿童气管解剖学观测的临床应用研究

Anatomical survey on children’s trachea and its clinical application

目的 研究支气管镜操作术的成功率和安全性。方法 通过 44例儿童尸体观测了气管的解剖长度、临床长度和气管的横径、矢状径 ,并与儿童身高和上部量进行相关分析 ,另外分析临床资料 85例 ,其中 5 8例在使用支气管镜前做了气管横径、矢状径和长度的预测。结果 两性儿童的身高和上部量与气管的解剖长度、临床长度、气管内径之间密切相关。结论 只要先测量儿童的身高和上部量就可根据它们之间的回归方程计算出气管的长度和内径大小 ,为临床准确选用气管镜型号和插管的深度提供可靠的依据。

Objective To study the safety and success rate of operating tracheoscopy.Methods The clinical and anatomical length and the sagittal and transverse diameter of 44 dead children were studied,which were compared with the height of the children and that of the upper part of the body.The clinical data of 85 cases were analyzed , of those ,the sagittal and transverse diameter and the length of 58 cases were predicted before giving them a test of tracheoscopy.Results The results showed that the clinical and anatomical length and the sagittal and transverse diameter of trachea were significantly related to the height of the children and the height of the upper part of the body.Conclusion The internal conjugata diameter and the length of trachea can be calculated according to the height and the height of the upper part of the body of the children measured before giving the children a test of tracheoscopy , which can provide reliable data for doctors to select a suitable size of fiberoptic bronchoscopy to ensure the safety and success rate of operating tracheoscopy in clinical practice.