唐山大地震远期神经症抽样调查和病因学探讨

A Study on the Prevalence of Neurosis and Its Cause over 20 - years After the Violent Earthquake in Tangshan

目的 了解唐山大地震远期神经症患病率,并探讨重大精神创伤和神经症发病之间的关系。方法抽样调查了亲身经历唐山大地震的幸存者1 807人,全部抽样样本完成了自行编制的唐山大地震调查表和标准化评定工具的调查、评定和诊断。结果 1 807人中诊断神经症114例、神经症现患病率为62.87‰,男性现患病率43.74‰、女性现患病率为78.79‰。神经症组在大地震中遭受的精神创伤严重度显著高于非神经症组。结论 本调查显示神经症高患病率与精神创伤持续性影响效应有关。精神创伤的严重程度和神经症发生之间存在着密切的联系。应对遭受重大精神创伤的群体和个体实施神经症防治工作。

Objective To investigate the morbidity of neurosis long time after the violent earthquake in Tangshan, and to clarify the relationship between heavy psychic trauma and the onset of neurosis. Methods 1 807 survivals who lived in Tangshan city and experienced the earthquake were investigated, assessed diagnosed with the self- made Tangshan earthquake questionnaires and the standard assessment instruments. Results 114 (8.283%) survivals were diagnosed as neurosis (62. 87‰), The morbidity of male and females were 43.74‰(36 cases) and 78.79‰(78 cases) respectively. The degree of mental trauma in the survivals with neurosis was much heavier than that in that in the survivals without neurosis in the Tangshan earthquake. Conclusions Our study showed that the higher morbidity of neurosis were correlated with the long - time effects of mental trauma on survival. The degree of severity of mental trauma was significantly correlated with the onset of neurosis. Neurosis should be prevented and treated after heavy psychic trauma.