“社会改造”思潮的兴起与2O世纪的中国历史学

The Rise of "Social Reform" Thought and Chinese Historiography in the 20th Century

随着近代资本主义在中国的发展,以市场为纽带的生产联系、产品交换日益加强.在此基础上形成的超出任何个人、家庭和个体生产单位的"社会"问题日益凸现,富国强兵、救亡图存不再是任何局部变革的问题,社会作为一个相互联系的有机整体,其全面改造和社会转型,成为挽救中华民族的惟一出路,"社会改造"思潮蓬勃兴起.社会思潮的转变必然导致学术思潮的呼应,在二三十年代历史学发生了明显的转向,以社会改造问题为研究中心,历史学在研究对象、研究方法、研究成果的表述、价值功能等方面发生了一系列的变化.既取得了巨大的成就,也出现了不少问题.以下,我们准备从四个方面来展开论述.

Along with the rise of 'Social Reform' thought, during 1920s-1930s Chinese historiography has changed its direction. Taking the 'social Reform' problem as the key research subject, historiogrphy has been changed a lot in its method, function and representative form. Thus Chinese historiography has achieved great suscess in the process of its scientification, as well as in its contribution to the people's Revolution of China in the 20th century. At the same time it overlooked the humanistic and subjective characteristics of historiography.