家鼠型流行性出血热危险因素的病例对照研究

A Case--control Study on House Rat--type of Epidemic Hemmorrhagic Fever

为探讨家鼠型流行性出血热的主要传播因素及家禽家畜传病作用,采用单因素配对法、相加模型和条件Logistic模型分析了114对家鼠型流行性出血热病例对照资料。结果显示手足皮肤破伤与接触家鸡、家住村镇边缘与家里鼠患、劳动场所鼠患与沟田边坐卧具有显著的协同效应;接触家禽家畜尿粪也有显著的危险性。提示某些家禽家畜有一定的传病作用,家鼠-家鸡-破损皮肤接触传播可能是疫区居民感染本病的重要模式。

The data of 114 pairs on House Rat-type of Epidemic Hemmorrhagic Fever (EHF) was analysed with the single factor matched, addi- tion model and conditional logistic regression analyses. The results showed that there were significant synergisms when wounds in hands or feet in close contact with fowls ,when rodent activity in the home and living in the edge of the village or the town, and when rodent activ- ity at work-place and sitting or lying near ditches or fields. Contacting with droppings of domestic animals and fowls was also statisti- cally associated with the disease. This study gives an epidemiological evidence of some do- mestic animals and fowls associated with EHF. Transmission by inoculation of infectious ma- terials into skin lesions may be a main mode of the infection in the natural foci of house rat- type of EHF.