清代满族文论及其时代文化特征

The Manchu Culture in the Qing Dynasty and its Cultural Characteristics of the Times

清代满族在将近300年的时间里创造了弥足珍贵的文化财富，文学理论是其中的一部分。清代满族文论涵盖了文学与社会生活的关系、文学作品的内容与形式的关系、创作手法、作家主体境遇与创作的关系、诗歌美的追求、文学创作的继承与创新、作家的艺术个性及批评方法等诸多理论问题。满族文论具有开放性、亲历性、传承性、满汉融合等时代文化特征。这些特征决定了它的文化归属，它是中华民族近古时期晚近阶段所创造的进步文化的一部分。

The Manchu nationality of the Qing Dynasty created in v aluable wealth of culture in about three hundred years, among which literary the ory is a part. The literary criticism of the Manchu nationality of th e Qing Dynasty covered such theoretical issues as the relations between literatu re and social life, between content and form of literary works, between literary and artistic techniques and the subjective situation of the writer and literary production in addition to the pursuit of poetic aesthetics, inheritance and inn ovation of literary production, artistic character of the writer and approaches of literary criticism, etc. The literary criticism of the Manchu nationality exh ibited such cultural characteristics of the times as openness, direct experience , inheritance, and fusion of Manchu and Han nationalities, etc., which determine d its cultural belonging. It is part of the progressive culture created in the l ater stage of the age of recent antiquity of the Chinese nation.