英汉“投射”小句复合体的功能与语义分析

A Functional Approach to Projection Clause Nexus in English and Chinese

人们可以通过语言反映主、客观世界，也可以通过语言表达语言。也就是说，语言 既可以用于表达说话者直接（非语言）的主、客观经验的功能，也可以用于表达说 话者间接（语言）的主客观经验的功能，换言之，就是用于表达转述他人语言的功 能。这就是“投射”。“投射”实际上指的是一种逻辑－语义关系，存在于小句复合 体、嵌入、动词短语等结构中。但这种逻辑语义关系在小句复合体中表现得比较明 显、典型。本文主要从小句复合体的投射关系着手，讨论“投射”小句复合体的功 能与语义分析方法，并探讨其在现代汉语相似结构中的可行性和作用。

According to systemic functional linguistics, all logical structures in clause complex in language are either paratactic or hypotactic. Thus the clause complex involves relationships of both kinds: hypotaxis and parataxis. Besides the logical structural relations in language, the clause complex contains a kind of logicosemantic relation between a primary and a secondary member of a clause nexus. They are expansion and projection. This paper is intended to study projection. Projection means the secondary clause is projected through the primary clause, which instates it as a locution or an idea.