矿井水害防治中的水文地球化学探查方法

Hydro geochemical exploratory method in mine groundwater hazard control

矿井水害防治中的水文地球化学 (水化学 )探查方法可分为利用地下水天然成分的探查和人工示踪探查两类。前者主要适用于中小比例尺规模 (区域或矿区 )的调查和研究 ;后者则主要用于对大比例尺规模 (矿区或井田 )的一些疑难和关键问题的深入认识和确定。水化学方法几乎可用于水害防治的各个阶段 ,尤其在矿井突水水源、通道、不同含水层水力联系及注浆效果等的探查和判别中成效显著。近年来水化学方法的发展趋向主要表现为更快速、更简便、更准确。

Hydrogeochemistry approaches employed in groundwater hazard survey and control could be generalized as two types, i.e., the approach using natural property of groundwater and the so called trace test. The former is usually used in middle small scale explorationo f groundwater, while the latter is applied to understand the nature of groundwater and the structure of water bearing strata in middle large scales. It is proved that the approaches could be widely used and have fair validity in different stages of water hazard prevention and control, especially in the determination and identification of sources and passages of gushing water, the hydrodynamic connection of groundwater among different strata and grouting efficiency. The trend for development of hydrogeochemistry in groundwater hazard survey and control is getting faster, more convenient and more accurate.