西方国家 环境政策的比较与借鉴

Contrastand Reference of Environment Policy In Western Countries

环境管理是现代政府的一项重要职能。西方国家的环境管理体制有分散管理、分散与统一相结合管理、集中管理三种类型。西方国家政府不论采用什么样的环境管理体制 ,一般都比较注重管理机构之间的协调与合作 ,注重环境咨询机构的建设。在环境污染治理方面 ,西方国家主要实行污染者负担政策、排污收费政策、治理污染优惠政策等 ,取得了一定的成效。加强我国的环境管理 ,应该借鉴国外的先进经验 ,调整我国的环境政策 ,以适应改革开放发展的需要。

Environment management is important function of modern govemment. In western countries there are three types of management system in environment- dispersion,combination dispersion with unity,and concentra- tion. No matter what management system western government adopt,more attention is paid to coordination and cooperation in management organizations and construction environment advisory organization. In control environ- ment pollution,western countries mainly take polluter burden,drainage pollution charge and control pollution's preferential policy. Strengthening environment management in our country,advanced experience of foreign coun- tries should be used for reference and ourenvironmentpolicy should be readjusted in need of reform and open devel- opment.