中国原发性骨质疏松症流行病学

Epidemiology of primary osteoporosis in China

中国是世界上老年人口最多的国家。目前６０岁以上老人有一亿两千万，到２０５０年将达四亿五千万。由于中国人不同部位峰值骨量比白种人低５％～１５％，标准差也比西方国家的测量值高，所以Ｋａｎｉｓ诊断标准不适合中国人。根据骨的生长发育和衰老规律及大样本骨矿测量结果，我们制定了适合中国人的诊断标准和诊断程序。预测目前我国有骨质疏松患者（包括骨量减少）八千四百万，占总人口的６．６％。到２０５０年将成倍增加达两亿一千二百万，占总人口的１３．２％。回顾性的研究认为中国城市５０岁以上的老年妇女脊椎骨折发生率为１５％；南部城市５０岁以上老人髋部骨折的发生率为１１．２６／１０，００００；北方地区５０岁以上老人髋部骨折的总发病率为７４．６／１０，００００，（女性为６７．２／１０，００００，男性为８０．８／１０，００００），男女发生率比为１．２。其原因在于女性以非重创性股骨颈骨折为多，而男性在非重创性骨折与女性相仿的同时，重创性骨折远远多于女性。髋部骨折的平均发病年龄为６７．２岁。

Abstract\ China has 120 million aged people ,the largest population in the world.And the number will reach 457 million in 2050.The survey of 13 provinces and municipalities shows that the average peak bone mass of Chinese people is lower and the standard deviation (SD) is considerablely higher than those in the Western countryies.Therefore,the Kanis's Diagnostic Criterion of Osteoporosis is not applicable for Chinese people.Taking into account of these difference,we set a new diagnostic criterion of primary osteoporosis for Chinese people Liu's physiologically aged diagnostics.With this new criterion,we estimate that 6.6% of the Chinese people or about 83.9 million people suffer from osteoporosis,including osteopenia.And this figure will be doubled by 2050,that is 13.2% or about 212 million people.Retrospective study shows the rate of vertebral fracture in urban aged women is 15%.The number of hip fracture caused by serious trauma in males is higher than that in females (11.26/100,0000 in South China versus,74.0/100,000 in North China),and the male/female ratio is 1.2.The average age of incidence of hip fracture is 67.2 years.