医院内下呼吸道感染病例的临床分析

Clinical Analysis of the Cases of the Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Hospital

目的：调查医院内下呼吸道感染的易感因素，为感染防治提供依据。方法：以１９９３～１９９５年住院病人为调查对象进行系统监测。结果：医院内下呼吸道感染多发生于老年人（≥６０岁），以恶性肿瘤、脑部疾患等居多（占６１．０７％），而侵入性操作及应用免疫抑制剂在病人中占比例较大。感染前预防性应用抗生素与感染病人痰中分离病原菌对抗生素的耐药率有一定的相关性。结论：年老、侵入性操作。

Objective:The purpose of the investigation was to analyze the predisposing factors for the infection of the lower respiratory tracts in in-patients and give an information on its control.Method:A systematic monitory and an analysis have been done in in-patients admitted to our hospital from 1993 to 1995 .Results:The infection of the lower respiratory tracts in hospital was mostly found in aged patients (≥60 years old) suffered from malignant tumors and brain diseases( 61.07 %).The patients who underwent an invasive operation or received immunosuppressants presented a high percentage of all patients infected.There is a positive correlation between the use of antibiotics for prevention of infection in hospital and the drug resistance of the bacteria isolated from the sputum of the patients. Conclusion:Aging,malignant tumors,invasive operations, and unsuitable use of antibiotics are main susceptible factors for the infection of the lower respiratory tracts in hospital.