慢性精神分裂症所致社会交往技能缺陷的康复治疗

Psychosocial Rehabilitation of Social Skill Disability

慢性精神分裂症所致社交技能缺陷难以用药物使之恢复。本文选择40例慢性精神分裂症病人分为2组(各20例)进行对照研究。对治疗组病例进行社交技能训练,有进步者作为恰当行为予以强化。康复过程中将社交技能分解为23项,并予以评分,同时用阴性症状量表及阳性症状量表评分。经26周训练后有13例(65％)社交技能明显提高,同时伴有阴性症状的减轻,而阳性症状量表评分无明显改变。对照组阴性症状进行复查后,发现其评分反而升高。结果表明,如果把药物治疗和社会、心理康复措施结合起来,就有可能改善精神分裂疰的疾病发展过程及其预后,有可能使该病所致的功能缺陷减轻或恢复。

Fourty patients with chronic schizophrenia were involved in the control trial of psychosocial rehabilitation—social skills training,and were divided into two groups,experimental group (20 cases) taught in the way of social skills training designed by authors,and the remaining 20 cases as control group. All the cases selected were scored by 23 items of social skills,scale for assessment of negative symptoms (SANS),and scale for assessment of positive symptoms (SAPS).After being trained for 26 weeks,13 cases of experimental group (65%) showed markedly improvement in social skills,negative symptoms alleviated simultaneously,and the SAPS had no significant change.In control group,by reexamining the positive symptoms the SAPS was found to increase instead.From the above findings,it was indicated that drug thera- py,cmbined with social,rehabilitation measures might improve the prognosis and recover the disability of pa- tients with chronic schizophrenia.