300名孕妇被动吸烟状况与健康教育干预策略的探讨

Passive Smoking of 300 Pregnant Women and Appropriate Health Education Intervention Strategy

１９９６年５月，在北京市海淀区妇产医院，以个人访谈方法，对３００名来院门诊作产前检查的孕妇进行吸烟与被动吸烟的现状及影响因素调查，并组织两个专题小组收集信息。结果显示：孕妇孕前吸烟率为３３％；孕后为０％；３００名丈夫在妻子孕前吸烟率为６２３％，孕后为５９０％；孕妇被动吸烟率为４６３％，其中来自丈夫吸烟引起的为２４３％，较孕前的５２０％有较大幅度的下降；影响孕妇被动吸烟率的因素可能有孕期、孕妇文化程度、孕妇户口所在地、丈夫文化程度、丈夫户口所在地等。

A cross setional study on smoking and passive smoking among pregnant women and the relevant affecting factors were conducted in the Maternal and Child Hospital of Haidian District,Beijing,in May 1996. 300 women who visited the Maternity Hospital of Haidian Dishict,Beijing, for prenatal examination were interviewed. Two focus group discussions were held . The findings show that the smoking rate among pregnant women was 3.3% before pregnancy and 0% thereafter. 62.3% of the husbands smoked before the pregnancy of their wives and the percentage has decreased to 59.0% after their wives became pregnant. The passive smoking rate among pregnant women is 46.3%. 52.0% of them were affected by exposure to cigarette smoke of their husbands,after they became pregnant,the passive smoking rate has decreased greatly to 24.3%. The potential influencing factors of passive smoking among pregnant women are stage of pregnancy, educational background of and rgistered permanant residence of the pregnant women, and educational background and rgistered permanant residence of the husbands.