几种静态姿势的负荷评价与工作设计

Assessment of the Static Posture Load and the Work Design

以２５名大学生志愿者为对象，通过实验室模拟生产中常见的几种静态姿势，测定和分析了他们的肺通气量、心率及Ｂｏｒｇ量表分值的变化。结果发现自然坐位和站位情况下，随手臂不同程度地前伸和上举，肺通气量、心率、Ｂｏｒｇ量表分值连续地升高，至双臂９０°上举达到最高值。结果说明，肺通气量、心率及Ｂｏｒｇ量表分值均可在一定程度上反映静态劳动的负荷。手上举及手完全前伸的作业姿势无论从劳动生理还是生物力学的角度看都是不合理的，在工作上应尽量加以避免。

Lung ventilation,heart rate and Borg scale value were determined and analyzed during the simulation of static working postures with 25 male student volunteers as subjects.Either by standing or sitting along with the arm extended and elevated,lung ventilation,heart rate and Borg scale value increased continuously and reached the highest when both arms rose overhead in +90 degree. It suggests that all the physiological parameters can be used to evaluate the static load in some degrees,and the posture of totally stretched and elevated arm should be avoided during work design from the viewpoint of work physiology and biomechanics.