论明清科技文献的输入

THE INTRODUCTION OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL LITERATURE DURING THE MING-QING PERIOD

本文对明清时代科学技术文献的输入,进行了分类整理,明末清初为前期输入,咸丰以后为后期。前后两期输入的目的、渠道、方式、手段,接受的文化市场,学科反响以及表现在实际作用等方面都有所差异。与近邻日本相比,中国在输入西方科学的态度、方法、学科体系、时间等方面,均有沉痛的教训。

This article makes a classified arrangement of the introduction ofliterature on science and technology during the Ming and the Qing Dyna-sties.The introduction is divided into the former stage in late Ming andearly Qing and the later stage after the reign of the Qing emperorXianfen.In point of introduction,the two stages are somewhat differentwith regard to their purpose,channel,form,means,accepted culturalmarket,reactions in branches of study and manifestations in actualfunctions.Compared with its near neighbour Japan,China had bitterlessons to learn concerning the attitude,method,system of branchesof learning and time for the introduction of Western science.